The surgical approach to the skull base often varies, and the various sizes and locations of skull base lesions make it difficult to determine the cause of CSF leakage.

However, it is useful to investigate which factors contribute to postoperative CSF leakage.

Related studies were identified by searching the following databases: PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Web of Sciences through December 2019.

Random-effects models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to evaluate the quality of observational studies.